In the past, the heating furnace start, or in the operation process, there have been furnace explosion accidents, the lighter will be damaged parts of the furnace, the heavier will be the whole furnace to blow up. Caused by the main reason for the furnace explosion, is due to the burner ignition, the burner just lit and flame, or the burner is not lit and oil or gas has entered the furnace, the stoker did not carry out the steam blowing, followed by ignition, which causes gas explosion in the furnace chamber. Furnace explosion during operation is due to insufficient air, gas combustion is incomplete. In the furnace flue gas, gas reaches a certain concentration will explode. In order to prevent furnace explosion accidents, the following points must be done:
(1) burner in the ignition is not lit, but the oil or gas into the furnace, then the stoker must immediately close the oil valve or gas valve, and then blowing steam into the furnace chamber, to be seen in the chimney steam and then relight.
(2) burner in the ignition, although lighted but then go out, the stoker should immediately close the oil valve or gas valve, and then blowing steam to the furnace chamber, until the chimney to see the steam and then re-lighting.
(3) furnace in the process of operation, such as burner air found to be insufficient, should immediately identify the cause, timely treatment. First of all, check the control of air into the furnace butterfly valve opening is appropriate, such as the opening is too small, should be immediately opened to the appropriate degree, so that the burner fuel can be fully combusted.
At present, the heating furnace of petrochemical plants often use oil and gas combined burner, can burn oil or gas alone, can also burn oil and gas at the same time, when the burner burns oil, the ignition requirements according to the following steps:
(1) the burner dampers to 1 / 3 opening, after the burner is lit, and then adjust the dampers to the appropriate opening; when the burner is set to soundproof cover, the stoker must pay attention to the direction of the switch of the dampers.
(2) If the burner is equipped with air duct or soundproof cover, open the cover on the oil leakage pipe at the bottom of the air duct or soundproof cover of the burner, in order to prevent the fuel oil from accumulating in the air duct or soundproof cover, and install the cover after the burner burns normally.
(3) Pass the gas nozzle on the burner through an appropriate amount of steam to prevent the gas nozzle from being clogged with oil or something else.
(4) Place the ignition rod that has been lit on the upper end of the burner, the person can not look directly at the ignition hole, the side of the body side, the face should not be directly to the burner, to prevent backfire burner.
(5) slightly open a little steam valve, open the oil valve, light the oil fire, slowly and carefully adjust the oil-vapour ratio, so that the oil is fully atomized and completely combusted, and according to the combustion of the situation, the appropriate adjustment of the opening of the dampers or butterfly valves.
(6) in the burner after the fire, the stoker can not immediately leave the furnace, in order to prevent the burner shrinkage or oil leakage. Once extinguished, immediately close the oil valve, and then blowing steam into the furnace chamber, to be seen in the chimney steam and then relight.
(7) burner in use, the requirements of the opposite ignition, so that the heat is evenly distributed.
(8) Control the fuel oil pressure, the atomised steam pressure is required to be 98kPa higher than the fuel oil pressure.
(9) The air door of the burner at the end of the fire must be closed to prevent air leakage into the furnace resulting in excessive air, affecting the thermal efficiency of the furnace.
